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篇名 十二年國教新課綱的使用:現況、困境與解決
並列篇名 The Use of New Curriculum Standards for Twelve-Year Basic Education: Current Situation, Problems and Their Resolutions
作者 呂秀蓮(Hsiu-Lien Lu)
中文摘要 課綱使用的成長過程須經歷三個階段:依賴期、獨立期和互賴期。我國教師早期倚賴國立編譯館,到九年一貫後則倚賴出版社,然而在課綱使用上,教師卻是教科書意志的執行者,也是課綱的間接使用人。這現象導致教師缺乏基本課程能力,在課綱使用上停留在依賴期的困境。而這困境的產生,除了因長期使用教科書外,也受到其他因素,諸如政策未賦予課綱應有的權威、教育主管機關缺乏專業的視野與承擔、教師缺乏課程設計能力的培訓機會,以及九年一貫課程改革失敗的經驗記憶猶新等的影響。因此,課綱使用的困境解決之道單從任一方面進行改革將無濟於事,乃須從政策、教育主管機構和教師的能力和成功經驗等各方面進行全方位的改革,方能促使教師課綱使用的成長經驗,順利地從依賴期進入獨立期,進而發展為教育圈共同合作創新的互賴期。這種解決之道工程極為浩大,是以,除仰賴教師的專業自覺外,更須要政府與政策大力配合和支持,方能畢其功。
英文摘要 There are three stages for the development of the use of curriculum standards: the dependent stage, the independent stage and the inter-dependent stage. Teachers in Taiwan have long been dependent on textbook publishers for the use of curriculum standards, previously the National Translation and Compilation Center and now commercial textbook publishers. As a result, teachers execute the will of textbooks and become indirect users of curriculum standards, a phenomenon that has resulted in teachers’ deficiency of basic curriculum competence and the problem of staying in the dependent stage for the use of curriculum standards. Besides habitually using textbooks as curriculum, some other factors have contributed to the problem, including policy failing to grant curriculum standards the deserved authority, education authority lacking professional vision and commitment, teachers’ lacking professional development opportunities to use curriculum standards and develop curriculum themselves, and the fresh memory of the failure of Grade 1-9 Comprehensive Education in using curriculum standards. Therefore, it will not be helpful to resolve the problem via reforming any single factor alone, but via changing the policy of the use of curriculum standards, the attitudes of education authority towards the use of curriculum standards, teachers’ competence and teachers’ successful experience in using curriculum standards all at once. By doing so, it will help forge teachers’ development in using curriculum standards, assisting them in growing from the dependent stage to the independent stage, and thereafter moving up to teachers’ mutual collaboration and innovation in the educational rings. The architecture of resolving the use curriculum standards is such that besides teachers’ professional awareness, it must also take the coordination of the policy and the support the education authority so as to ensure its success.
頁次 095-109
關鍵詞 12年國教 教育藍圖 新課綱 課程能力 課綱使用 twelve-year basic education educational blueprint curriculum guidelines curriculum ability the use of curriculum standards
卷期 278
日期 201706
刊名 教育研究月刊
出版單位 高等教育文化事業有限公司
DOI 10.3966/168063602017060278007