體驗區
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| 篇名 |
论学位授予中的非学术标准设定
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| 並列篇名 |
On the Setting of Non-academic Standards in Degree Conferring
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| 作者 |
徐靖(XU Jing)
、张敏(ZHANG Min)
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| 中文摘要 |
非学术标准是国家与高等学校在学位授予活动中对学位申请人所提出的有关政治素质和道德品行要求，可分为政治标准和品行标准。通过实证分析发现，目前《学位条例》《学位条例暂行实施办法》对学位申请人的品行标准或未提出明确要求，或对各高校自主设定非学术标准授权不明，使得各高校自主设定的非学术标准在设定权限与内容方面存在合法性与合理性危机，并由此导致学位管理实践中的若干诉讼纷争。根据法治的一般原理，非学术标准在设定权限上需遵循高校自主设定权有限原则，在设定内容和设定程序上需恪守比例原则和正当程序原则。建议《学位条例》在修订中明确非学术标准的具体内涵，增加与非学术标准相关的拒绝授予学位条款，并为学位申请人提供相应救济机制，以维护学位申请人合法权利。
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| 英文摘要 |
Non-academic standards are the political and ethical requirements for degree applicants in the degree-granting activities of the state and degree-conferring institutions, which can be divided into two categories: political standards and ethical standards. Through empirical analysis, it can be found that since the Regulations on Academic Degrees and the Interim Measures for the Implementation of the Regulations on Academic Degrees have no specific requirements for ethical standards of degree applicants, or their authorization for higher education institutions to set non-academic standards independently is not clear, the non-academic standards independently set by higher education institutions encounter legitimacy and rationality crisis in terms of setting authority and content, which triggers many litigation disputes in the practice of degree management. According to the general principle of the rule of law, non-academic standards should follow the principle of limited right of school autonomy in authority setting; as for the specific content and procedures, they should abide by the principle of proportionality and the principle of due process. To safeguard the legal rights of degree applicants, it is suggested that in the revision of the Regulations on Academic Degrees, the status of non-academic standards should be clarified, the detailed provisions on non-academic standards for refusing to grant degrees should be specified, and the corresponding relief mechanisms should be provided for degree applicants.
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| 頁次 |
036-043
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| 關鍵詞 |
学位授予
、非学术标准
、自主设定有限
、比例原则
、正当程序
、degree conferring
、non-academic standards
、limited autonomy
、principle of proportionality
、due process
、CSSCI
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| 卷期 |
18:4
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| 日期 |
202007
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| 刊名 |
復旦教育論壇
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| 出版單位 |
復旦大學
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