體驗區
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| 篇名 |
发达地区中小学人工智能课程建设现状、问题与对策——以某“新一线”城市为例探讨
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| 並列篇名 |
Current Situation, Problems and Countermeasures of Artificial Intelligence Curriculum Construction in Primary and Secondary Schools in Developed Areas — Taking a “New First-tire” City as an Example
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| 作者 |
张志新(Zhang Zhixin)
、杜慧(Du Hui)
、高露(Gao Lu)
、高凯(Gao Kai)
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| 中文摘要 |
随着人工智能课程在发达地区中小学的广泛推进，课程建设中存在的问题日益显露。研究采用问卷调查法、访谈法等，以某“新一线”城市(A市)53所中小学人工智能相关课程任课教师为调查对象，以临近某一线城市(B市)35所、某省会城市(C市)15所中小学的调查数据为参照，从课程设计、课程实施、课程评价三大维度分析了A市中小学人工智能课程建设的现状及问题。研究发现：多数学校开设了人工智能课程，在课程内容的丰富度以及教学方法的选择方面做得相对较好，但存在师资力量不够、课时量不足、与教材配套的教学资源不足、教学环境不完善等问题。主要原因包括：课程建设尚处于探索阶段，学术界对课程目标、主要内容等问题尚未形成统一认识，师资人才培养体系等尚未建立等。借鉴课程建设领域相关理论和实践经验，建议政府、学校和教师分别从如下几方面进行改进：研制完整的基础教育人工智能课程标准，明确课程目标和内容范围，提供政策支持和资金保障，建立人工智能师范专业和人工智能教师资格认定制度，增强教材编写力量并完善评价和选用制度，鼓励中小学与高校、企业和社会机构合作；提供完整的相互衔接的课程体系，改善教学资源、环境和评价方式，开展人工智能与其他学科的课程融合，完善教师激励机制；提高自身专业水平等。
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| 英文摘要 |
With the extensive advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) curriculum in primary and secondary schools in developed areas, the problems in the curriculum construction are increasingly exposed. This research adopts the methods of questionnaire and interview etc., 53 teachers of AI related curriculum in primary and secondary schools in a “new first-tire” city (A city) are investigated, and reference with the survey data of 35 primary and secondary schools in a first-tier city (B city) and 15 primary and secondary schools in a provincial capital city (C city). From the three dimensions of curriculum design, curriculum implementation and curriculum evaluation, the study analyzes the current situation and existing problems of the construction of AI curriculum of primary and secondary schools in A city. The study finds that most schools have set up AI curriculum, which are relatively good in the richness of course contents and the choice of teaching methods, but there are problems such as insufficient teachers, insufficient class hours, insufficient teaching resources matching with teaching materials, and imperfect teaching environment. The main reasons including: the curriculum construction is still in the exploration stage, the academic community has not yet formed a unified understanding of the curriculum objectives and main content, and the teacher training system has not been established. Learning from relevant theory and practical experience in the field of curriculum construction, it is suggested that the government, schools and teachers make improvements from the following aspects: developing complete basic education artificial intelligence curriculum standards, clarifying curriculum objectives and content scope, providing policy support and financial guarantees, establishing AI teacher professional and AI teacher qualification certification systems, strengthening the compilation of textbooks and improving the evaluation and selection system, and encouraging primary and secondary schools to cooperate with universities, enterprises and social institutions; providing a complete interconnected curriculum system, improving the teaching resources, environment and evaluation methods, carrying out the integration of artificial intelligence and other subjects, improving the teacher incentive mechanism; improving their professional level, etc..
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| 頁次 |
040-049
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| 關鍵詞 |
中小学
、人工智能
、课程建设
、发达地区
、primary and secondary schools
、artificial intelligence
、curriculum construction
、developed areas
、CSSCI
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| 卷期 |
404
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| 日期 |
202009
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| 刊名 |
中國電化教育
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| 出版單位 |
中國電化教育雜誌社
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