體驗區
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| 篇名 |
新高考选科“遇冷”的制度主义分析——以物理学科为例
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| 並列篇名 |
An Institutional Analysis on the Phenomenon of “Reduced Choice of Subject” in the New College Entrance Examination - Take Physics Subject as an Example
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| 作者 |
黄凌梅(HUANG Ling-mei)
、钟秉林(ZHONG Bing-lin)
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| 中文摘要 |
选考科目改革作为新一轮高考改革的重要举措，在一定程度上促进了科学选才，推动了高校招生与培养一体化，但在实施的过程中也出现了部分学科选考“遇冷”的现象。以物理选科遇冷为例，从理性选择制度主义视角来看，在不同行动者与行动情境间的互动过程中，行动者基于其行动偏好，在政策控制权、信息掌握和处理能力有限的前提下，经过成本和收益的分析，实现个人利益最大化，是导致物理“遇冷”这一集体困境的重要原因。从制度的科学性、公平性、适应性和问责监督机制四个方面评价选考科目设置，要以群体需求为参照，完善选考制度的顶层设计；以政策落实为目标，保障选考制度的实施条件；以正确理念为引导，营造选考实施的有利环境。
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| 英文摘要 |
As an important measure in the reform of the New College Entrance Examination, the reform in subject’s selection promotes the scientific selection of talents, improve the university autonomy in selecting talents, and boost the integration of enrollment and cultivation. However, some subjects are struggling in the selection of students, colleges and high schools. Taking “the reduced choice in physics subject” as an example, this study analyzes the policy of New College Entrance Examination from the perspective of rational choice institutionalism. It shows that in the process of interaction between different actors and behavior contexts, all actors take the cost and benefit into account based on limited policy and information control when choosing examination courses to maximize their benefits m examination, which leads to a collective dilemma irrationality. Evaluating from scientificity, fairness, adaptivity and accountability indicators, there are three ways to improve the policy; taking the group demands into consideration to strengthen the top-level design of the examination subject setting system, ensuring the conditions for the smooth implementation of the reform, and taking the right education value as the guidance to create the advantageous environment which benefits the examination to carry out fluently.
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| 頁次 |
100-109
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| 關鍵詞 |
理性选择
、制度主义
、新高考
、物理选科“遇冷”
、rational choice
、institutionalism
、the new college entrance examination
、reduced choice of physics subject
、CSSCI
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| 卷期 |
17:1
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| 日期 |
202102
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| 刊名 |
教育學報
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| 出版單位 |
北京師範大學
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| DOI |
10.14082/j.cnki.1673-1298.2021.01.009
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