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篇名 家庭背景、学校氛围如何影响学生抗逆力?——基于PISA2018的实证分析
並列篇名 How does Family Background and School Atmosphere Affect Students’ Resilience? Empirical Analysis Based on PISA 2018
作者 蒋帆(JIANG Fan) 、姚昊(YAO Hao)
中文摘要 基于PISA2018中国四省市数据,对家庭背景、学校氛围与学生抗逆力的影响机制进行分析。研究发现,对标OECD国家进行比较,中国四省市抗逆力表现略低于国际水平;家庭背景层面,家庭文化资本和经济资本对学生抗逆力提升更有效,而家庭社会资本则无显著影响;学校层面,学校氛围能显著正向影响学生抗逆力;学校氛围和家庭背景对学生抗逆力的作用机制是“相互加强” 的效应;家庭背景对学生抗逆力影响的贡献份额相对较小,学校氛围能够更有效解释学生抗逆力形成。此外,就影响的异质性而言,相对于城市学生,提升学校氛围对促进农村学生抗逆力的边际效益更高;提升家庭文化资本、营造良好学校氛围对抗逆力处于中高水平学生更有效;家庭背景和学校氛围对学生抗逆力水平提升均存在门槛效应,家庭背景提升效果遵循边际效益递减规律,学校氛围提升效果遵循边际效益递增规律。建议政府要加大对农村地区学生抗逆力教育投入,建立农村学生抗逆力培育支持系统,提高家庭教育水平,多措并举提高弱势家庭父母文化资本,将营造宜人的学校氛围作为学校评估的重要指标。
英文摘要 Based on PISA 2018 data from four provinces and cities in China, the impact mechanism of family background, school atmosphere, and student resilience is analyzed. The study found that comparing the benchmark OECD countries, the resilience performance of the four provinces and cities in China is slightly lower than the international level; at the family background level, family cultural capital and economic capital are more effective in improving students’ resilience, while family social capital is not significant At the school level, the school atmosphere can significantly positively affect the resilience of students; the mechanism of the school atmosphere and family background on the resilience of students is a “mutual strengthening” effect; the contribution share of the influence of family background on the resilience of students is relatively Smaller, the school atmosphere can more effectively explain the formation of student resilience. In addition, in terms of the heterogeneity of impact, compared with urban students, improving the school atmosphere has a higher marginal benefit in promoting the resilience of rural students; it is more effective to enhance family cultural capital and create a good school atmosphere to resist adversity. Both family background and school atmosphere have a threshold effect on the improvement of students’ resilience level. The improvement effect of family background follows the law of diminishing marginal benefits, and the improvement effect of school atmosphere follows the law of increasing marginal benefits. It is suggested that the government should increase investment in the education of resilience of rural students and establish a support system for fostering resilience of rural students, improve the level of family education, take multiple measures to increase the cultural capital of the parents of disadvantaged families, and take the creation of a pleasant school atmosphere as an important indicator of school evaluation.
頁次 043-053
關鍵詞 家庭文化资本 家庭经济资本 家庭社会资本 学校氛围 抗逆力 family cultural capital family economic capital family social capital school atmosphere resilience
卷期 19:1
日期 202202
刊名 基礎教育
出版單位 華東師範大學
DOI 10.3969/j.issn. 1005-2232.2022.01.003