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篇名 先有興趣?或是先有自我效能?從社會認知生涯理論檢驗藝術大學師資生興趣發展模式
並列篇名 Interest or Self-Efficacy: Which Came First? Examination on the Interest Model of Social Cognitive Career Development Theory—The Case for A University of Arts
作者 陳嘉成(Chia-Cheng Chen) 、洪兆祥(Chao-Hsiang Hung)
中文摘要 根據相關統計數字顯示,國內大學生休、退學的主要原因是興趣不合,而過去研究指出,影響學習最有預測力的變項是自我效能,因此學生是因為沒有興趣,還是沒有自我效能才會選擇退學?此問題由於過去研究多採用橫斷法,在方法論上無法確認時間順序的因果關係,因此,本研究採用社會生涯發展理論的興趣發展模式與縱貫研究法,分析藝術大學學生興趣發展的歷程。本研究以252位師資生為樣本,完成自我效能、結果期待與興趣的三波追蹤測量,並以路徑分析進行橫斷中介、序列中介、半縱貫中介和全縱貫中介的檢驗。結果指出,所有分析皆支持興趣發展模式適合解釋師資生的資料,尤其是全縱貫中介顯示,興趣發展的研究需較多時間的測量波段才足以窺探全貌。此外,將興趣發展模式影響方向反轉的假設,並未獲得支持,顯示自我效能仍是最重要的起始變數。在教學現場為學生建立可達成的目標,強化其效能感是協助師資生發展教學興趣的重要策略,對於優勢智慧不在紙筆測驗的藝術大學師資生更是維持動機的關鍵。本研究另根據分析結果,提出對於校方可透過校務資料強化生涯輔導的建議。
英文摘要 According to relevant statistics, the main reason for domestic college students to drop out of school is a lack of interest. Past studies have pointed out that the most predictive variable that affects learning is self-efficacy. Therefore, it remains unclear whether students choose to drop out because they have no interest or because they have low self-efficacy. This issue has not been solved since most of the previous studies adopted the cross-section method and, thus, could not methodologically confirm the causality of the time sequence. Hence, this research used the interest development model and the longitudinal research method of the social career development theory to analyze the developmental process of students’ interest in art universities. This study included 252 teachers and students as a sample to complete the three-wave tracking measurement of self-efficacy, result expectation, and interest, and subsequently conducted the tests of transverse mediation, sequence mediation, semi-longitudinal mediation and full longitudinal mediation using the path analysis. In the results, all the analyses support that the interest development model is apt for explaining the data. In particular, the full longitudinal mediation test shows that the research of interest development requires more time to measure the band to be able to see the whole picture. In addition, the hypothesis proposing reversing the influence direction of the interest development model has not been validated, illustrating that self-efficacy is still the most critical initial variable. Establishing achievable goals for students in the teaching context and strengthening their sense of efficacy are important strategies to assist teacher students in developing teaching interests. It is also the key to maintaining motivation for teacher students in art universities whose superior wisdoms are not in pen-and-paper tests. Based on the results, this research also puts forward suggestions for schools to strengthen career guidance through school affairs information.
頁次 001-033
關鍵詞 自我效能 社會認知生涯理論 興趣 縱貫研究 self-efficacy ocial cognitive career theory interest longitudinal study TSSCI
卷期 44:4
日期 202112
刊名 教育與心理研究
出版單位 國立政治大學教育學院
DOI 10.3966/102498852021124404001