體驗區
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| 篇名 |
今天發展明天的能力
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| 並列篇名 |
Developing Tomorrow’s Competencies Today
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| 作者 |
保羅˙萊弗雷
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| 中文摘要 |
本文讨论的问题是：如何保证高等教育适合未来的发展，培养适应这些新发展所需要的技能，从而帮助学生为在即将到来的社会中紧迫需求、前景看好的职业，而不是为今天行将淘汰的职业做好准备。本文是作者在2007年约旦安曼国际学生网络论坛演讲论文的修订稿。国际学习网络论坛是一个全球知识共享网络，由美国麻省理工学院创建。这一网络需要采纳本文提出的建议来予以推广。本文的要点是：全球在传播与能力相关的信息和思想方面的途径已经成熟，发展中国家的教育者可以聚首一起，借助于诸如LINC等网络，更充分地了解与发展能力有关的发展趋势，并更好地就下列问题给出解答，如：哪种专业发展能力（比如知道什么，知道如何做，知道谁，知道为什么）是学生需要掌握的，如果他们今后随时要就业？这些能力如何在当地进行传授和更新，使其能经济、快速地达到国际标准？这两大问题（内容和方式）通过开发开放能力环境（OCE）都可以获得解决。开放能力环境是一个多语种的全球知识网络，着重关注社会急需的能力。这一系统将是点对点的，学生和教师通过专业社区沟通；包括有培训和监控网络、开放教育资源库、认证和注册网络。这一系统将扩展学生视野，提高学生就业能力。它对于发展中国家以及职业能力测量（比如百万人口中研发人员的数量）不够成熟的国家有特别的价值。学习者会被邀请帮助建构开发能力环境，即使使用这些建构钟的模块。这些模块包括：国际学习网络论坛；开放能力框架和通过开放标准（参见开放学习项目和开放知识创新）；开放工具、过程和内容（开放途径，如研究；开放内容，如教学；开放创新）；专业学习和能力的优异网络，如欧洲的Pro-learn和Pro-LC。
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| 英文摘要 |
This paper addresses the addresses the important problem of how to make sure that higher education anticipates future developments, and the skills associated with those developments, and so helps students to prepare for the high-demand, high-future jobs that are to come in our society, rather than for the obsolescent jobs of today, that are disappearing. The paper is based upon a presentation to be given at the conference LINC 2007 in Amman, Jordan. LINC is the Learning International Networks Consortium, a global knowledge-sharing net work that was set up by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology（MIT）. Such a network is needed to implement the proposals set out in this paper. The core claim of the paper is that the world’s channels for the diffusion of competence-related information and insights have matured to the point where educators in developing countries, working together and aided by networks such as LINC, can be far better informed about competence-related trends, and better able to give informed answers to questions such as these:What kinds of professional competencies（specific instances of know-what, know-how, know-who, know-why, care-why and respect-why）should students aspire to , if they want to be in demand for tomorrow’s job?How could those competencies be imparted and updated locally to global standards, cheaply and rapidly?Both classes of question（What and How）can be addressed by developing an Open Competency Environment, OCE, as the hub of a multi-lingual global Knowledge Network focused on in-demand competencies. The overall system would be ‘peer-to-peer’, linking students and educators with communities of professionals; training and mentoring networks; repositories of Open Educational Resources; and accreditation and recruitment networks. That combination would broaden student horizons and increase graduate employability. This could be of particular value to developing countries and to other countries that currently under-perform on measures of professional capacity（e.g., number of R&D jobs per million citizens）. Readers are invited to help to shape OCE’s development and to make immediate use of its prospective building blocks. Those building blocks include a) LINC, b) the Open Competency Framework and general Open Standards（as in the Open Learn project and the Open Knowledge Initiative）;c) Open Tools, Processes and Content（e.g., Open Access﹝research﹞, Open Innovation）;d) networks of excellence for professional learning and competencies, such as Europe’s ProLearn and Pro-LC.
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| 頁次 |
72-79
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| 關鍵詞 |
competence
、Higher Education
、能力
、高等教育
、CSSCI
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| 卷期 |
13:6
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| 日期 |
200712
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| 刊名 |
開放教育研究
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| 出版單位 |
上海遠程教育集團、上海電視大學
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