體驗區
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| 篇名 |
夏威夷教師教育的質量與種類：遠程教育模式
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| 並列篇名 |
Diversity and Quality in Teacher Education: Providing access via Distance Delivery Modes in Hawaii
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| 作者 |
徐迪
、張紅美
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| 中文摘要 |
美国目前正面临着严重的教师短缺，尤其是缺乏合格的优秀教师。这种现象遍及于幼儿园到高中。产生这种现象的原因是大批教师退休、教师工资的低廉、美国校园内的暴力和联邦政府所规定的考试及规章制度等。这种现象在夏威夷也不例外。教育的质量和公平是师资培训和招生的核心问题。这个问题对于夏威夷偏远的少数民族学生则显得更为重要。根据Banks（2003年）及Collnick和Chinn（2002年）所提到的多元文化理论，本文将介绍2006年的一项调查。该调查研究报告以夏威夷教育学院和夏威夷大学系统的511位师生及当地居民为对象，检是教育学院招生及指导职前教师的做法，包括其偏远地区的岛屿──夏威夷岛（Hawaiyi）、可爱岛（Kauayi）、茂依岛（Maui）、摩洛开依岛（Molokayi）及蓝尼岛（Lanayi）等。这项研究显示了在偏远地区为少数民族学生提供高质量师资教育的种种困难，同时也提出了解决这些问题的有效途径和方法，以适应二十一世纪教师及教师教育的发展。
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| 英文摘要 |
The K-12 schools in the United States are facing a serious teacher shortage, especially in inner city and rural areas. There are many reasons for the shortage, the large number of retirees; competition （or non-competitiveness）with the other professions; demands for more teachers in special education, and teacher retention difficulties, which are due in part to challenges within schools from violence to federal mandated paperwork and tests. The teacher shortage is especially severe in Hawaii because nearly all of the schools fit with=in the inner city or rural categories. What is more, Hawaii’s vast distance from other part of the United States makes it difficult to recruit from other states. Currently, the state teacher education institutions graduate about 600-700 licensed teachers annually（COE Data, 2006）, while the state requires over 1,700 new teachers in the public schools annually, while there is an enormous effort to recruit teachers on the U.S. mainland, the turnover rate of mainland teachers is approximately 50% in the first year, due largely to lack of cultural understanding and professional support（DOE, 2006）. In order to meet the daunting challenge and the need of the state, especially in the Hawaii’s rural areas and less populated islands neighboring Oahu, the College of Education has developed hybrid Statewide Programs to recruit underrepresented pre-service teachers. The model was implemented in 2003 and is based on multicultural education and democratic theories（Banks, 1995;Bennet, 2004; Dewey, 1996）with the utilization of instructional technology. This paper will present the Hybrid Statewide Model as an alternative form of teacher education and illustrate its successful development. It will summarize resent research on the Hawaiian Islands（N=500）, describing the challenges and effective approaches for recruiting and educating under-represented pre-service teachers in remote areas. Both the Statewide Programs and the research highlight the necessity and significance of providing both equity and quality in teacher education to meet the needs of our communities in the 21st century.
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| 頁次 |
82-92
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| 關鍵詞 |
Distance Delivery Modes
、Teacher Education
、K-12 schools
、遠程教育
、教師教育
、幼兒園到高中
、CSSCI
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| 卷期 |
13:5
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| 日期 |
200710
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| 刊名 |
開放教育研究
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| 出版單位 |
上海遠程教育集團、上海電視大學
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